The canals were engineered to keep water flowing through the canals at a constant rate. The main canals were precisely mapped onto the landscape to achieve a gradient, or drop, of only a few feet per mile. The engineering of the irrigation systems was amazingly advanced. 1, this early group became the culture we know as the Hohokams. Moving from roaming groups of hunters and gatherers living off what nature provided, people began to produce food through farming.īy A.D. This trend, known as the Neolithic Revolution, represented our greatest change in human lifestyles. They were part of a worldwide movement that began at the end of the last ice age. The work of ancient engineers reflects monumental efforts in the familiar, modern-day topics of sustainable agriculture and the organization of people to construct enormous infrastructure.Īrchaeologists are aware of an ancient group of people who began farming along the desert rivers at least as early as 1200 B.C. By 1450%2C Hohokam systems delivered water to the largest population in the SouthwestĪs people walk the streets in the Valley, how many realize the unique history that is buried just below their feet?.Many of our modern irrigation canals follow the Hohokams%27 ancient routes.Ancient engineers realized the Valley needed water to thrive.Provenance of sand temper in Hohokam ceramics, Arizona. Journal of Field Archaeology 25(1): 89-96, 1998Īrchaeological Excavations in Hohokam Sites of Southern Arizona. Social Change and Hunting during the Pueblo Iii to Pueblo Iv Transition, East-Central Arizona. Nonmarine ostracode shell chemistry from ancient Hohokam irrigation canals in central Arizona a paleohydrochemical tool for the interpretation of prehistoric human occupation in the North American Southwest. Journal of Field Archaeology 14(2): 147-162, 1987ĭogs, Deer, or Guanacos: Zoomorphic Figurines from Pueblo Grande, Central Arizona. Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America 23(3): 74, 1990Ĭlassic Period Hohokam Settlement and Land Use in the Casa Grande Ruins Area, Arizona. Nonmarine ostracodes as paleohydrochemical indicators in Hohokam irrigation canals of the Salt-Gila Basin, Arizona. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 1993(Suppl 16): 200-201, 1993 American Journal of Physical Anthropology 1995(Suppl 20): 188-189, 1995īone growth and cortical bone loss in a Classic Hohokam population from Pueblo Grande. Journal of Archaeological Science 24(11): 965-983., 1997įluorine analysis of an ancient Hohokam population from Pueblo Grande Antemortem fluoride patterns. American Journal of Physical Anthropology (Suppl 14): 97-98, 1992Ĭontinental ostracode paleoecology from the Hohokam Pueblo Blanco area, central Arizona. American Journal of Physical Anthropology (Suppl 14): 103, 1992Ĭhildhood stress patterns among the hohokam of pueblo grande as suggested by enamel defects. Patterns of age related bone loss in a classic hohokam population from pueblo grande. American Journal of Physical Anthropology (Suppl 14): 119, 1992 Vertebral osteophytosis in a prehistoric hohokam population from pueblo grande. American Journal of Physical Anthropology (Suppl 14): 125-126, 1992 Diploic thickening and porotic hyperostosis in a classic hohokam population from pueblo grande arizona.
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